Lundell, D. B., & Collins, T. (1999). Toward a theory of developmental education: The centrality of "discourse". In J. L. Higbee, & P. L. Dwinell (Eds.), The expanding role of developmental education (pp. 3-20). Morrow, GA: National Association for Developmental Education. Retrieved July 4, 2004, from: http://nade.net/documents/ mono99/mono99.1.pdf
After a review of various theories that have been used to define developmental education, the authors critique them regarding them. They found that most were theoretically underdeveloped. The authors recommend the idea of "Discourse" as articulated by James Paul Gee as a theory to guide developmental education.